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January 4
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January 4 is the 4th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. 361 days (362 in leap years) remain in the year after this day.
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Events
- 46 BC - Titus Labienus bloodily defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina.
- 871 - Battle of Reading - Ethelred of Wessex fights, and is defeated by, a Danish invasion army.
- 1066 - Battle of Hastings (1066)
- 1493 - Christopher Columbus leaves the New World, ending his first journey.
- 1642 - English Civil War: King Charles I of England attacks Parliament.
- 1698 - Most of the Palace of Whitehall in London, the main residence of the English monarchs, is destroyed by fire.
- 1717 - The Netherlands, England and France sign the Triple Alliance.
- 1762 - England declares war on Spain and Naples.
- 1847 - Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the United States government.
- 1854 - The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the Samarang.
- 1865 - The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street in New York City.
- 1884 - The Fabian Society is founded in London.
- 1885 - The first successful appendectomy is performed by Dr. William W. Grant on Mary Gartside.
- 1896 - Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state.
- 1912 - The Scout Association is incorporated throughout the British Commonwealth by Royal Charter.
- 1936 - Mickey's Polo Team, a short animated film featuring Charlie Chaplin, Oliver Hardy, Stan Laurel and Harpo Marx in a polo match against various Disney characters, is first released.
- 1936 - Billboard magazine publishes its first pop music charts.
- 1941 - The Short Elmer's Pet Rabbit is released. It marks the second apperance of Bugs Bunny and first to have his name on a title card.
- 1944 - World War II: The Battle of Monte Cassino begins.
- 1948 - Burma gains its independence from the United Kingdom.
- 1951 - Korean War: Chinese and North Korean forces capture Seoul.
- 1957 - After 69 years the last issue of Collier's Weekly magazine is published.
- 1958 - Sputnik 1 falls to Earth from its orbit (launched on October 4, 1957).
- 1959 - Luna 1 becomes the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of the Moon.
- 1962 - New York City introduces a train that operates without a crew on-board.
- 1965 - United States President Lyndon B. Johnson proclaims his "Great Society" during his State of the Union address.
- 1972 - Rose Heilbron becomes the first woman judge to sit at the Old Bailey in London.
- 1974 - United States President Richard Nixon refuses to hand over materials subpoenaed by the Senate Watergate Committee.
- 1987 - An Amtrak train en route to Boston from Washington, DC collides with Conrail engines, killing 16 (Chase, Maryland rail wreck).
- 1989 - A pair of Libyan MiG-23 "Floggers" are shot down by a pair of US Navy F-14 Tomcats during an air-to-air confrontation.
- 1990 - A crowded passenger train collides with a standing freight train in Pakistan's Sindh province, killing 300 people.
- 1998 - Wilaya of Relizane massacres in Algeria; over 170 are killed in three remote villages.
- 1999 - Former professional wrestler Jesse Ventura is sworn in as governor of Minnesota.
- 1999 - Gunmen open fire on Shiite Muslims worshipping in an Islamabad mosque, killing 16 people and injuring 25.
- 2001 - RuneScape (Now known as RuneScape Classic) was released.
- 2004 - Dr. Mikhail Saakashvili is elected the President of Georgia.
- 2004 - Spirit, a NASA Mars Rover, lands successfully on Mars at 04:35 UTC.
- 2006 - Prime Minister Ariel Sharon of Israel suffers a second, apparently more serious stroke. His authority is transferred to Acting Prime Minister Ehud Olmert.
- 2006 - Serious media mixup when media organisations mistakenly reported that 12 miners were found alive in the Sago Mine Disaster. Several USA newspapers had frontpage headlines such as "ALIVE!", when in fact 12 miners had perished.
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Births
- 1077 - Emperor Zhezong of Song Dynasty in China (d. 1100)
- 1334 - Amadeus VI of Savoy (d. 1383)
- 1581 - James Ussher, Irish Anglican archbishop (d. 1656)
- 1643 - Sir Isaac Newton, English mathematician and natural philosopher (d. 1727)
- 1664 - Lars Roberg, Swedish physician (d. 1742)
- 1672 - Hugh Boulter, Irish Archbishop of Armagh (d. 1742)
- 1710 - Giovanni Battista Pergolesi, Italian composer (d. 1736)
- 1720 - Johann Friedrich Agricola, German composer (d. 1774)
- 1785 - Jakob Grimm, German philologist and folklorist (d. 1863)
- 1809 - Louis Braille, French inventor of Braille (d. 1852)
- 1832 - George Tryon, British admiral (d. 1893)
- 1838 - Charles Sherwood Stratton, American circus performer (d. 1883)
- 1839 - Carl Humann, German engineer (d. 1896)
- 1848 - Katsura Taro, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1913)
- 1869 - Tommy Corcoran, baseball player (d. 1960)
- 1874 - Josef Suk, Czech composer (d. 1935)
- 1881 - Wilhelm Lehmbruck, German sculptor (d. 1919)
- 1882 - Aristarkh Lentulov, Russian artist (d. 1943)
- 1883 - Max Eastman, American writer (d. 1969)
- 1894 - Manuel de Abreu, Brazilian physician (d. 1962)
- 1896 - Everett Dirksen, American politician (d. 1969)
- 1896 - André Masson, French artist (d. 1987)
- 1900 - James Bond, American ornithologist (d. 1989)
- 1901 - C. L. R. James, writer and journalist (d. 1989)
- 1905 - Sterling Holloway, American actor (d. 1992)
- 1913 - Malietoa Tanumafili II, Sovereign Ruler of Samoa
- 1914 - Jane Wyman, American actress
- 1914 - Herman Franks, baseball player
- 1920 - William Colby, American CIA director (d. 1996)
- 1924 - Sebastian Kappen, Indian theologian (d. 1993)
- 1925 - Veikko Hakulinen, Finnish cross-country skier (d. 2003)
- 1929 - Yayoi Kusama, Japanese artist, sculptor
- 1930 - Sorrell Booke, American actor (d. 1994)
- 1930 - Don Shula, American football coach
- 1931 - Adi Lady Lala Mara, First Lady of Fiji
- 1935 - Floyd Patterson, American boxer (d. 2006)
- 1937 - Grace Bumbry, American singer
- 1937 - Dyan Cannon, American actress
- 1940 - Helmut Jahn, German architect
- 1940 - Brian David Josephson, Nobel laureate
- 1940 - Gao Xingjian, Nobel laureate
- 1941 - Maureen Reagan, American political activist (d. 2001)
- 1943 - Doris Kearns Goodwin, American writer
- 1945 - Richard R. Schrock, Nobel laureate
- 1945 - Vesa-Matti Loiri, Finnish entertainer
- 1950 - John Louis Evans, convicted murderer (d. 1983)
- 1953 - Norberto Alonso, Argentine footballer
- 1953 - George Tenet, American CIA director
- 1956 - Bernard Sumner, English musician (New Order)
- 1957 - Patty Loveless, American singer
- 1958 - Matt Frewer, American actor
- 1959 - Yoshitomo Nara, Japanese Pop artist
- 1958 - Gary Jones, Welsh-born actor
- 1960 - Michael Stipe, American singer (R.E.M.)
- 1962 - Peter Steele, American musician (Type O Negative)
- 1962 - Robin Guthrie, Scottish guitarist
- 1963 - Dave Foley, Canadian comedian and actor
- 1963 - Till Lindemann, German singer (Rammstein)
- 1965 - Beth Gibbons, English singer (Portishead)
- 1965 - Julia Ormond, English actress
- 1966 - Deana Carter, American singer
- 1971 - Junichi Kakizaki, Japanese artist, sculptor
- 1977 - Tim Wheeler, Irish singer (Ash)
- 1978 - Dwight Freeney, American football player
- 1978 - Dominik Hrbatý, Slovakian tennis player
- 1979 - Jeph Howard, American musician (The Used)
- 1982 - Richard Logan English footballer
- 1985 - Fernando Rees, Brazilian race car driver
- 1995 - María Isabel, Spanish singer
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Deaths
- 1066 - Edward the Confessor, pre-Norman conquest English king (b. ca. 1004) (disputed)
- 1248 - King Sancho II of Portugal (b. 1207)
- 1564 - Hosokawa Ujitsuna, Japanese military commander (b. 1514)
- 1584 - Tobias Stimmer, Swiss painter and drawer (b. 1539)
- 1695 - François Henri de Montmorency-Bouteville, duc de Luxembourg, French general (b. 1628)
- 1752 - Gabriel Cramer, Swiss mathematician (b. 1704)
- 1761 - Stephen Hales, English physiologist (b. 1677)
- 1773 - Anton Losenko, Russian painter (b. 1737)
- 1782 - Ange-Jacques Gabriel, French architect (b. 1698)
- 1804 - Charlotte Lennox, English author and poet (bc. 1730)
- 1821 - Elizabeth Ann Seton, American saint (b. 1774)
- 1825 - King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies (b. 1751)
- 1877 - Cornelius Vanderbilt, American entrepreneur (b. 1794)
- 1883 - Antoine Eugène Alfred Chanzy, French general (b. 1823)
- 1896 - Joseph Hubert Reinkens, German Old Catholic bishop (b. 1821)
- 1903 - Gulstan Ropert, Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1839)
- 1919 - Georg von Hertling, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1843)
- 1931 - Art Acord, American actor (b. 1890)
- 1941 - Henri Bergson, French philosopher, Nobel laureate (b. 1859)
- 1960 - Albert Camus, Algerian-born French philosopher and writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1913)
- 1961 - Erwin Schrödinger, Austrian physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1887)
- 1962 - Hans Lammers, German SS officer (b. 1879)
- 1965 - T. S. Eliot, American-born writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1888)
- 1967 - Donald Campbell, British motorboat racer (b. 1921)
- 1969 - Violet and Daisy Hilton, English conjoined twin actresses (b. 1908)
- 1970 - Jean-Étienne Valluy, French general (b. 1899)
- 1971 - Arthur Ford, American clairaudient {b. 1896)
- 1985 - Brian Horrocks, British general (b. 1895)
- 1986 - Christopher Isherwood, English writer (b. 1904)
- 1986 - Phil Lynott, Irish musician (Thin Lizzy) (b. 1949)
- 1990 - Doc Edgerton, American electrical engineer (b. 1903)
- 1998 - Mae Questel, American actress (b. 1908)
- 1999 - Iron Eyes Cody, American actor (b. 1904)
- 2003 - Conrad Hall, American cinematographer (b. 1927)
- 2003 - Yfrah Neaman, Lebanese-born violinist (b. 1923)
- 2003 - Sabine Ulibarri, Mexican American writer (b. 1919)
- 2004 - Joan Aiken, English author (b. 1924)
- 2004 - Brian Gibson, English film director (b. 1944)
- 2004 - Jake Hess, American singer (b. 1927)
- 2004 - Jeff Nuttall, English writer (b. 1933)
- 2004 - John Toland, American historian (b. 1912)
- 2005 - Humphrey Carpenter, English author (b. 1946)
- 2005 - Ali al-Haidri, Iraqi governor of Baghdad (assassinated)
- 2005 - Frank Harary, American mathematician (b. 1921)
- 2005 - Robert Heilbroner, American economist (b. 1919)
- 2005 - Bud Poile, Canadian hockey player (b. 1924)
- 2005 - Alton Tobey, American artist (b. 1914)
- 2006 - Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Republics and Ruler of Dubai (b. 1946)
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Holidays and observances
- Feast day of St Elizabeth Ann Seton
- The eleventh night and tenth day of Christmas in Western Christianity
- Ogoni Day
- Spaghetti Day
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External links
January 3 - January 5 - December 4 - February 4 — listing of all days
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